Iguanas are a common sight in Florida, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. While these reptiles may appear harmless, they can cause significant damage to gardens, lawns, and even structures. As a homeowner or gardener in Florida, it’s important to understand how to manage iguanas safely and responsibly. This guide will offer tips on how to coexist with iguanas in Florida, reduce their impact, and protect your property.
Understanding Iguanas in Florida
Iguanas are non-native species to Florida, originally from Central and South America, but they have become an invasive presence in the state. The most common species found in Florida is the green iguana (Iguana iguana), which can grow up to 5 feet long and weigh over 10 pounds. Iguanas are herbivores, feeding primarily on plants, fruits, and flowers. They thrive in Florida’s warm climate, where they are often seen sunning themselves on trees, fences, and roofs. However, their increasing population and spread present challenges to homeowners and gardeners.
The Challenges of Iguanas in Florida
While iguanas in florida are relatively peaceful creatures, they can become problematic for several reasons:
- Garden Damage: Iguanas are notorious for eating a wide range of plants, including flowers, vegetables, and shrubs. They can destroy entire garden beds, leaving homeowners with substantial losses.
- Property Damage: Iguanas often dig burrows near foundations, sidewalks, and patios. These burrows can undermine structures, leading to potential damage and costly repairs.
- Health Concerns: Iguanas can carry diseases such as salmonella, which can pose a risk to humans and pets. Proper handling and hygiene are necessary to reduce these risks.
Tips for Safely Managing Iguanas in Florida
Managing iguanas requires a combination of preventive measures, humane deterrents, and professional help when needed. Below are some key strategies to deal with iguanas in Florida.
1. Secure Your Property
The first step in managing iguanas is to make your property less attractive and accessible to them. Iguanas are excellent climbers and diggers, so securing your space is essential.
- Fencing: Install a sturdy fence that is at least 4 feet high. Make sure the bottom of the fence is buried several inches underground to prevent iguanas from burrowing underneath.
- Eliminate Hiding Spots: Remove rocks, wood piles, and dense shrubs where iguanas might seek shelter. Open spaces with minimal vegetation are less appealing to them.
- Cover Pools and Patios: Iguanas are known to bask in the sun near water sources. Covering swimming pools and outdoor furniture when not in use can help reduce their attraction to your yard.
2. Deterrents and Repellents
There are various safe and humane ways to discourage iguanas from taking up residence in your garden.
- Use Motion-Activated Sprinklers: Iguanas dislike sudden water sprays, and motion-activated sprinklers can startle them and encourage them to leave your yard.
- Plant Iguana-Repelling Plants: Certain plants, such as basil, thyme, and marigolds, are known to repel iguanas. Including these in your garden can act as a natural deterrent.
- Non-Toxic Repellents: Commercial iguana repellents are available, and many are made from natural ingredients like garlic, pepper, and egg solids. These products can be applied to plants and structures to discourage iguanas from feeding.
3. Garden and Landscape Adjustments
Managing iguanas in Florida also involves making strategic changes to your garden and landscaping.
- Protect Vulnerable Plants: To prevent iguanas from eating plants, use netting or cages around your most valued shrubs and flowers. These barriers are particularly effective for younger plants that are more susceptible to feeding damage.
- Remove Food Sources: If you have fruit trees, be sure to pick ripe fruits regularly. Fallen fruits, such as guavas or citrus, can attract iguanas.
- Use Raised Garden Beds: Elevating your garden beds makes it harder for iguanas to access and destroy your plants.
4. Humane Removal and Professional Help
If iguanas become a persistent problem despite your efforts, it may be time to consider humane removal methods.
- Trapping: Live traps can be used to catch and relocate iguanas. Be sure to check local regulations on trapping and releasing iguanas, as some areas may have restrictions.
- Contact a Professional: If you’re dealing with a large iguana population or significant damage, hiring a licensed wildlife control expert may be necessary. These professionals have the experience and tools to safely manage iguanas and relocate them when necessary.
Conclusion
While iguanas in Florida are an attractive and fascinating part of the local ecosystem, they can pose challenges to homeowners and gardeners. By understanding their behavior and taking proactive steps to secure your property and gardens, you can minimize their impact and live harmoniously with these reptiles. If necessary, consider professional assistance to handle more serious infestations. By managing iguanas safely and responsibly, you can protect your property while maintaining respect for Florida’s diverse wildlife.